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The article discusses a study from Gaffney and colleagues, published within the issue which provides evidence for the fundamental role that workplace transmission played in differences in the risk of COVID-19 infection. Topics include the impact of occupational transmission of COVID-19;reasons for the denial on the role of work in the risk of disease, injury and death;and means by which work as a fundamental determinant of health can be targeted.
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The British Journal of Healthcare Management's editor discusses the potential benefits of community diagnostic centres for patients and the wider NHS, along with key considerations to drive this model forward.
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The coronavirus (COVID-19) is a global public health pandemic disease emerged from the novel strain of the coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that caused severe acute respiratory syndrome. It is the most significant respiratory illness that has affected the world since World War II. Currently, there is no globally approved drug for the treatment of pandemic COVID-19 except for some recently approved vaccines. Instead, various non-specific treatment options are being utilized by different countries. While some of these are effective, there is a lack of well-documented studies on the impact of traditional medicines on the management of SARS-CoV-2 in vitro and in silico. For thousands of years, traditional healers have been using various herbs and spices products and dietary plants to treat various diseases. This review aims to provide information on the use of traditional spices & herbs in COVID-19 protection and treatment and present the main characteristics of these products and their potential antiviral actions. Various databases were searched for articles related to the use of various herbs for the treatment of viral infections. Many of these studies show that various plant compounds can be utilized for the treatment of viral infections. This study aims to summarize the common used of herbal products and dietary supplements with potent bioactive compounds in treatment or prevent of COVID-19.
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Background: The discovery of genotypes linked to geographic and temporal infectious clusters suggests that genotyping analysis can be used to track and monitor the transmission of corona virus. Objective: To explore the clinical value of causative agent for corona virus infection (CoVI) by using different genes (SARS-HCoV2 ORFlab JINZA1 and JINZA2 gene and HCoV NL63, HCoV OC43 and HCoV 229E in the diagnosis of causative agent for corona virus disease and severity of infection to know speed transmission this pandemic and control of disease. Patients and methods: Different types from human samples included nasal swabs, throat swabs and blood samples(plasma) from patients with CoVI and pneumonia. To diagnosis SARS-HCoV2 ORFlab JINZA1 and JINZA2 gene, and HCoV NL63 gene, HCoV OC43 gene and HCoV 229E gene. The positive ratio of SARS-HCoV2 ORFlab gene in the diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia confirmed by conventional PCR then gene sequencing by sanger method by using PCR product were sent for Sanger sequencing using ABI3730XL, automated DNA sequences, by Macrogen Corporation Korea. The results were received by email then analyzed using geneious software. Results: Assay for CoV the results shown P = 0.001 Highly sign. (P<0.01) within NL63 gene from nasal and throat swab positive n = 2 (10.53%) while negative n =17 (89.47 %) and P = 0.00 Highly sign. (P<0.01) within CT for NL63 gene positive n = 2 (4 %) while negative n = 48 (96 %). In addition to CoV result by PCR were P = 0.033 Sign. (P<0.05), positive n =17 (34%) and negative n =33 (66 %) from total n =50, and P = 0.019 Sign. (P<0.05) within SARSHCOV2 ORFlab gene from nasal swab by PCR positive n =4(21.05%), negative n = 15(78.95%) from total n =19 and P = 0.648 Non sign. (P>0.05) 229E gene from nasal and throat swab positive n =11(57.9%), negative n =8 (42.1%) from total n=19 (100%). While undetectable from OC43HCOV gene by real time PCR and by conventional PCR that indicated all results were negative for blood samples and from nasal and throat swab: Conclusion: Genotyping very important to know type of gene caused corona virus infection by using PCR real time PCR and conventional PCR indicated the study on the present other types of corona virus were HCOV 229E and NL63 HCOV and PCR product confirmed by Sanger sequencing using ABI3730XL, automated DNA sequences, the results concluded discovery two new isolates called SARSHCOV2ORF1ab JINZA1 gene and SARSHCOV2ORF1ab JINZA2 gene in Baghdad/Iraq patients and submitted in National Center for Biotechnology Information. SARSHCOV2ORF1ab JINZA1 OK486620 gene and JINZA2 OK586822 gene. The names of both genes according to name of PhD student Jnan Jafar Baksh, Supervisal Prof. Dr. Nazar Shiyaa Mohammed and Assist prof. Dr. Ahmed Saadi Hassan. BLAST results indicated because transmission by travel between Iraq and USA. Both of two patient's loss of their life due to severity of infection for JINZA1 and JINZA2 and were critical class for this pandemic.Recommendation: 1) Chosen specific primers for specific gene to avoid coinfection with other viruses and using confirmed tests include real time PCR or conventional PCR and gene sequencing for genotyping for corona virus to know speed viral transmission and control of disease: 2) Nasal swab and throat swab for detection from corona virus mostly greatest than blood samples because viral load higher and development molecular techniques and instruments for detection from virus when very low viral load.
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Thrombotic disease in newborns is uncommon;its incidence is reported as 3-5 per 1,00,000 live births. Most of them are venous thromboembolisms accounting for 2/3rd of reported cases and arterial thrombosis is 1/3rd of the lot. Newborns are at a higher risk for bleeding as well as thrombotic tendency due to immature and low levels of procoagulant and anticoagulant proteins in a predisposed setting. We present a case with vertical transmission of SARS-COV2 infection and the coagulopathy therewith presenting as arterial thrombus at birth which was, effectively treated with anticoagulation therapy.
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Failure to discontinue transmission-based precautions (TBP) for eligible ambulatory patients may decrease stakeholder buy-in, adherence, and experience. Successful removal is hindered by unclear criteria and inadequate resources. We sought to create a pre-visit review process to identify TBP removal opportunities to support stakeholders without exhausting resources. Study period was 11/02/2020 – 11/30/2021. We generated an electronic medical record (EMR) report of ambulatory encounters in the coming week with a TBP flag. Interventions tested included: A spreadsheet macro to filter and format the EMR report (implemented 01/29/21);Standardized IP chart review and notification;Clinical stakeholder engagement to define and evaluate process expectations. We used a standard t-test for weekly encounter and percent no-change review comparisons. During 11/02/2020-01/28/21, 3,111 encounters were reviewed for TBP removal. Of those, 310(9.96%) had TBP status updated, 1,134(36.45%) required email communication to determine status, and 1,667(53.58%) had no change. These no-change encounters included cystic fibrosis patients (remain in life-long TBP) and ineligible long term TBP. We built the macro to remove no-change encounters to focus on encounters needing review. During 1/29/21-11/27/21, 6,060 encounters were reviewed, with 1,818(30.00%) updated, 1,646(27.16%) requiring email, and 2,596(42.84%) no-change. Macro implementation reduced average reviewed encounters weekly (246 to 142, p<.0001) and the proportion of no-change encounters (56.36% to 47.39%, p=0.0224). Subjectively, reviews took less time (approximately 15 hours to 5 hours per week). Process standardization and stakeholder engagement were well-received. Macro utilization increased review efficiency by removing no-change encounters. Despite a reduction in pre- and post-implementation proportions of no-change encounters, there is still opportunity to further reduce time wasted on no-change encounters. Standardizing our process allowed for cross training of IPs, alleviating burden on others. Stakeholder engagement improved relationships between IPs and ambulatory staff.
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The healthcare community is pushing back against OSHA adopting a more flexible final COVID-19 rule that could change with public health guidelines. The agency is finalizing its Emergency Temporary Standard to protect healthcare workers from COVID-19.
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The authors call for the inclusion of reporting in prisons in pandemic treaty. They offer a look into the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on people in detentions and updates of COVID-19 cases from the World Health Organization (WHO). Emphasis is given on the obligation of states to assess prison conditions, ensure equal access to medical care for prisoners, respect their right to health and its obligations on transparency including collection and reporting of health and human rights data.